Congenital radioulnar synostosis presenting in adulthood - a case report.

Congenital radioulnar synostosis is a rare developmental skeletal malformation of the upper limb, characterized by the fusion of the proximal ends of the radius and ulna from birth. The failure of prenatal longitudinal segmentation of the adjacent radius and ulna results in a fibrous bony bridge between the radius and ulna. We present a 23-year-old female who presented with pain and restricted mobility of the left elbow joint for 7 years. A plain X-ray was performed for the patient, revealing a diagnosis of congenital radio-ulnar synostosis. Careful evaluation of the anatomical relations and spatial orientation of bony structures is required for the diagnosis and treatment of such cases.

Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwaves Therapy on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses and methods of extracorporeal shock wave treatment (ESWT) on the sciatic nerve regeneration of rat model using unbiased quantitative stereological techniques and to know which method and dose were effective. METHODS: Twenty-five Wistar albino rats were used in the experiment. All animals were randomly divided into 5 groups. To the first group (control, n = 5) ESWT and surgery were not applied. To 2nd group (E300*2, n = 5), twice doses of 300 impulses uESWs (unfocused) were applied. To 3rd group (E500*2, n = 5), twice doses of 500 impulses uESWs (unfocused) were applied. To 4th group (E300*2, n = 5), twice doses of 300 impulses of fESWs (focused) were applied. To 5th group (E500*2, n = 5), twice doses of 500 impulses of fESWs (focused) were applied. Rats were sacrificed and nerve samples analyzed on the 22nd day following the operation. RESULTS: There is a variable increase in the axon numbers among the shockwave treated groups in compare to the control group. The focused groups showed better improvement and the 300-focused group has shown the highest regeneration rate. CONCLUSION: The authors found that ESWT promotes nerve regeneration, increases the thickness of the myelin sheath and that the most effective result is in the 300 shock wave.